MongoDb使用
一、数据库、集合增删(命令行方式)
1.1 连接mongo
mongo --port 7023 # 连接mongo
db.auth('user', 'pwd') # 验证身份
1.2 用户管理
# 创建用户
use admin # 切换至admin数据库
db.createUser({user: "root", pwd: "12345", roles: ["readWriteAnyDatabase", "userAdminAnyDatabase", "dbAdminAnyDatabase"]) # 创建root用户
# 为数据库aa创建具有读写权限的用户
use aa
db.createUser({user: "mongou",pwd: "123",roles: ["dbOwner"]})
# 修改用户权限
db.updateUser("mongou", {pwd: "123",roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "b" } ]})
# 追加用户权限
db.grantRolesToUser("mongou", [{role:"readWrite", db:"test"}])
# 删除用户
db.dropUser("mongou")
1.2 数据库管理
# 切换到aa数据库，若不存在则创建
use aa
# 刚创建的数据库 runoob 并不在数据库的列表中， 要显示它，我们需要向 runoob 数据库插入一些数据。
db.aa.insert({"name":"sky"})
# 删除数据库
db.dropDatabase()
1.3 集合管理
# 创建集合
db.createCollection("user")
# 删除集合
db.user.drop()
1.4 文档管理
# 插入文档
db.col.insert({"name":"sky"})
db.col.insertMany([{"name":"sky"}, {"name":"jack"}])
二、SpringBoot集成Spring Data Mongodb
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>
application.yml
spring:
data:
mongodb:
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 7000
database: user
username: mongou
password: pass
三、MongoTemplate增删改查
注入MongoTemplate
@Resource
private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;
2.1 插入
// 插入一个对象
mongoTemplate.insert(obj, 'col_name');
// 插入多个对象
mongoTemplate.insert(objList, 'col_name');
2.2 删除
Criteria criteria = Criteria.where("age").is(12).and("sex").is('男');
Query query = new Query(criteria);
DeleteResult result = mongoTemplate.remove(query, 'col_name');
2.3 修改
mongoTemplate.save(obj, COLLECTION_NAME);
2.4 查询
// 查询集合中的【全部】文档
List<User> documentList = mongoTemplate.findAll(User.class, COLLECTION_NAME);
// 根据【文档ID】查询
User user = mongoTemplate.findById(id, User.class, COLLECTION_NAME);
// 条件查询，只取【第一条】数据
Criteria criteria = Criteria.where("age").is(age);
Query query = new Query(criteria);
User user = mongoTemplate.findOne(query, User.class, COLLECTION_NAME);
// 条件查询，获取其【文档列表】
Criteria criteria = Criteria.where("sex").is(sex);
Query query = new Query(criteria);
List<User> documentList = mongoTemplate.find(query, User.class, COLLECTION_NAME);
// 条件查询,获取其【文档列表】并【排序】
Criteria criteria = Criteria.where("sex").is("男");
Query query = new Query(criteria).with(Sort.by("age"));
List<User> documentList = mongoTemplate.find(query, User.class, COLLECTION_NAME);
// 条件查询，排序并limit
Criteria criteria = Criteria.where("sex").is("男");
Query query = new Query(criteria).with(Sort.by("age")).limit(5);
List<User> documentList = mongoTemplate.find(query, User.class, COLLECTION_NAME);
// 条件查询，分页
Criteria criteria = Criteria.where("sex").is("男");
Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(0, 10, Sort.by("age"));
Query query = new Query(criteria).with(pageable);
List<User> documentList = mongoTemplate.find(query, User.class, COLLECTION_NAME);
// 统计数目，count()
Criteria criteria = Criteria.where("age").is(12);
Query query = new Query(criteria);
long count = mongoTemplate.count(query, User.class, COLLECTION_NAME);
// 多条件查询
Query query = new Query();
if (cid != null)
query.addCriteria(Criteria.where("cid").is(cid));
if (name != null)
query.addCriteria(Criteria.where("name").regex(name));
List<Course> courses = mongoTemplate.find(query, Course.class, COURSE_COLLECTION);
2.5 聚合group
AggregationOperation group = Aggregation.group("age").count().as("numCount");
Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(group);
AggregationResults<Map> results = mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, COLLECTION_NAME, Map.class);
其他函数
count()、max()、min()、sum()、avg()、first()、last()
2.6 聚合管道
// condition + group
AggregationOperation match = Aggregation.match(Criteria.where("age").lt(25));
AggregationOperation group = Aggregation.group("sex").max("salary").as("sexSalary");
Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(match, group);
AggregationResults<Map> results = mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, COLLECTION_NAME, Map.class);
// group + sort
AggregationOperation group = Aggregation.group("age")
.max("salary").as("ageSalary")
.count().as("ageCount");
AggregationOperation sort = Aggregation.sort(Sort.by("ageSalary").ascending());
Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(group, sort);
AggregationResults<Map> results = mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, COLLECTION_NAME, Map.class);
// group + limit
AggregationOperation group = Aggregation.group("age").avg("salary").as("avgSalary");
AggregationOperation limit = Aggregation.limit(5L);
Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(group, limit);
AggregationResults<Map> results = mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, COLLECTION_NAME, Map.class);
2.7 join $lookup外连接
// class集合，外键为student_id
{
"_id": ObjectId("5f13a185167a9003cf76206b"),
"class_num": 1,
"student_id": 1
}
{
"_id": ObjectId("5f13a18b167a9003cf76206c"),
"class_num": 2,
"student_id": 2
}
------------------------------------------------
// student集合，主键_id
{
"_id": 1,
"name": "lihui",
"job": "IT",
"age": 17
}
{
"_id": 2,
"name": "lilei",
"job": "TEA",
"age": 18
}
// 命令行查询
// from：class作为主collection，from字段表示需要链接的collection，不明白为啥命名个from
// localField：主collection里的外键字段
// foreignField：连接collection里对应外键的字段
// as：最终连接的部分输出的字段名称
db.class.aggregate([
{
$lookup:
{
from: "student",
localField: "student_id",
foreignField: "_id",
as: "class_student_infos"
}
}
])
// 结果
{
"_id": ObjectId("5f12bef9167a9003cf762068"),
"class_id": 3,
"student_id": 3,
"class_student_infos": [
{
"_id": 3,
"name": "MEIMEI",
"job": "HR",
"age": 16
}
]
}
{
"_id": ObjectId("5f12bf1d167a9003cf762069"),
"class_id": 2,
"student_id": 2,
"class_student_infos": [
{
"_id": 2,
"name": "lilei",
"job": "TEA",
"age": 18
}
]
}
AggregationOperation match = Aggregation.match(Criteria.where("sid").is(sid));
LookupOperation lookupOperation = LookupOperation.newLookup().from("course").localField("cid").foreignField("_id").as("course");
Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(match, lookupOperation);
AggregationResults<Map> student_course = mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, "student_course", Map.class);
四、事务
3.1 配置事务管理器
/**
* 配置事务管理器
*/
@Configuration
public class TransactionConfig {
@Bean
MongoTransactionManager transactionManager(MongoDatabaseFactory dbFactory) {
return new MongoTransactionManager(dbFactory);
}
}
3.2 事务使用
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public Object transactionTest(){
// 设置用户信息
User user = new User()
.setAge(22)
.setSex("男")
.setStatus(new Status().setHeight(180).setWeight(150));
// 插入数据
User newUser = mongoTemplate.insert(user1, COLLECTION_NAME);
// 抛出异常，观察数据是否进行回滚
int error = 1/0;
return newUser;
}
Comments | 0 条评论